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Pentecostalism in Australia
Today the Australian Christian Churches, formerly known as the Australian Assemblies of God, is the oldest and longest lasting Pentecostal organization in Australia. The AOG/ACC is also the largest Pentecostal organization in Australia with over 200,000 members in 2009. Hillsong Church is one of 10 megachurches in Australia associated with the ACC that have at least 2,000 members weekly.
Scholars in recent years, such as Sam Hey, have noted the increase in Pentecostal membership began increasing in the 1970s with an increase in the 'youth generation.'〔
Australian Pentecostalism began in the early 20th century under the leadership of Sarah Jane Lancaster. The atmosphere was laid with Australia's colonization under the British Empire in the 18th century, its tradition of immigration, and non-class based society. Lancaster set up the first church called Good News Hall, and then merged with other burgeoning Pentecostal churches under the name Apostolic Faith Mission of Australia.〔 They experienced conflict and debate over Oneness theology, leading to disunity. In 1937, the Assemblies of God Queensland was formed from the splinter churches of the AFM and A.C. Valdez's Pentecostal Church of Australia.〔〔 This is the Assemblies of God that became known as Australian Christian Churches in 2007.
== Early History ==
The creation of Australia as a prison colony for Great Britain caused the members of the colony early on to adapt to a non-class based system. The primary religion was Anglican, however the local people rejected Anglican authority on the grounds of their non-class based system. It was in this "free church" context that other religious traditions such as Catholicism and Methodism found adherents.〔 News of revivals happening worldwide reached Australia in the mid-19th century and similar stirrings began in Australia, particularly within Methodist circles of influence. It was with this backdrop that Sarah Jane Lancaster, the founder of the first Pentecostal church in Australia, practiced Methodism and began to learn about spiritual healing and related gifts of the Holy Spirit. She was introduced to Pentecostalism when she requested a pamphlet called "Back to Pentecost" from leadership in England. This pamphlet claimed that God had never revoked the gifts of the Holy Spirit, so she prayed for these gifts to come upon her.〔 She was finally baptized in the Holy Spirit in 1908.〔
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